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vehicle builder

Толкование Перевод

1 ♦ vehicle

♦ vehicle /ˈvi:əkl/
n.

1 veicolo: space vehicle, veicolo spaziale

2 (chim.) veicolo; solvente

3 (farm., med.) eccipiente

4 (med.) veicolo d'infezione

5 (fig.) veicolo ( di informazione, idee, ecc.): Art may be used as a vehicle for ( o of) propaganda, l'arte può essere usata come veicolo di propaganda

6 supporto ( per l'interpretazione di un attore, un cantante, ecc.): The film is essentially a vehicle for its stars, il film è essenzialmente un supporto per l'intepretazione degli attori

● (autom.) vehicle builder, fabbricante di autoveicoli □ vehicle dismantler, demolitore d'autoveicoli; sfasciacarrozze (fam.) □ (ecol.) vehicle emissions, scarichi ( di gas, ecc.) di autoveicoli □ vehicle ferry, traghetto per automezzi □ vehicle tax, tasse automobilistiche □ vehicle tracking system, sistema di localizzazione veicoli □ vehicle trader, venditore di autoveicoli □ motor vehicle, motoveicolo ( automobile, autocarro, ecc.).

English-Italian dictionary > ♦ vehicle
2 kit

ранец; сумка; обмундирование и снаряжение ( военнослужащего) ; комплект, набор; узел ( оборудования)

first aid (dressing) kit — индивидуальный перевязочный пакет; индивидуальная аптечка; сумка санитара

IR (source) suppression kit — устройство снижения ИК излучения (объекта)

— add-on kit

— aerial delivery kit

— agent detection kit

— agent sampling kit

— aid and survival kit

— all environment survival kit

— amphibious kit

— anchor line extension kit

— Arctic survival kit

— Arctic truck adaptation kit

— armored kit

— biological agent sampling kit

— bomb terminal guidance kit

— bomb-to-mine converting kit

— bridge-laying kit

— bulldozing kit

— button-on kit

— CBR agent sampling and analysis kit

— chemical agent analyzer kit

— chemical agent detector kit

— cleaning kit in stock

— combat kit

— comfort kit

— configuration kit

— decontaminating and reimpregnating kit

— decontaminating kit

— decontamination kit

— deep-water fording kit

— demolition kit

— desert survival kit

— detection kit

— detector kit

— detector refill kit

— detonator kit

— direct support-level modification work order kit

— disaster control kit

— display kit

— drop kit

— engine conversion kit

— engine IR radiation diffusion kit

— engine IR radiation suppression kit

— field kit

— fire suppression kit

— firing kit

— flamethrower fuel filling kit

— food testing and screening kit

— forward observer vehicle kit

— full mess kit

— gun/turret modernization kit

— H vapor detector kit

— helicopter quietening kit

— homing bomb kit

— hydrojet propulsion kit

— individual decontamination kit

— individual medical kit

— installation kit

— IR charging kit

— IR countermeasures kit

— kit ECM kit

— laser bomb kit

— laser guidance kit

— laser guided weapon countermeasures kit

— laser homing kit

— litter kit

— maintenance kit

— mess kit

— mission support kit

— modernization kit

— modification kit

— NBC kit

— night vision kit

— nuclear adaptation kit

— organizational first aid kit

— ready-to-install kit

— repowering modernization kit

— retrofit kit

— road cratering demolition kit

— sampling and chemical analizing kit

— sanitation kit

— schnorkel water crossing kit

— schnorkel water fording kit

— skin decontaminating kit

— specialized kit

— storage kit

— submerged tank driving kit

— swimming kit

— tissue builder kit

— vapor detector kit

— vehicle floatability kit

— vehicle floatation kit

— vehicle-fragmentation armor kit

— water barrier kit

— water testing kit

— winterization kit

English-Russian military dictionary > kit
3 Marcus, Siegfried

SUBJECT AREA: Automotive engineering, Land transport

[br]

b. 18 September 1831 Malchin, Mecklenburg

d. 30 June 1898 Vienna, Austria

[br]

German inventor, builder of the world's first self-propelled vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine.

[br]

Marcus was apprenticed as a mechanic and was employed in the newly founded enterprise of Siemens \& Halske in Berlin. He then went to Vienna and, from 1853, was employed in the workshop of the Imperial Court Mechanic, Kraft, and in the same year he was a mechanic in the Royal and Imperial Institute of Physics of the University of Vienna. In 1860 he became independent of the Imperial Court, but he installed an electrical bell system for the Empress Elizabeth and instructed the Crown Prince Rudolf in natural science.

Marcus was granted thirty-eight patents in Austria, as well as many foreign patents. The magnetic electric ignition engine, for which he was granted a patent in 1864, brought him the biggest financial reward; it was introduced as the "Viennese Ignition" engine by the Austrian Navy and the pioneers of the Prussian and Russian armies. The engine was exhibited at the World Fair in Paris in 1867 together with the "Thermoscale" which was also constructed by Marcus; this was a magnetic/electric rotative engine for electric lighting and field telegraphy.

Marcus's reputation is due mainly to his attempts to build a new internal combustion engine. By 1870 he had assembled a simple, direct-working internal combustion engine on a primitive chassis. This was, in fact, the first petrol-engined vehicle with electric ignition, and tradition records that when Marcus drove the vehicle in the streets of Vienna it made so much noise that the police asked him to remove it; this he did and did not persist with his experiments. Thus ended the trials of the world's first petrol-engined vehicle; it was running in 1875, ten years before Daimler and Benz were carrying out their early trials in Stuttgart.

[br]

Further Reading

Austrian Dictionary of National Biography.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Marcus, Siegfried
4 manufacturer

1. n фабрикант, заводчик; промышленник, предприниматель

2. n изготовитель, производитель; поставщик

plug-compatible manufacturer — изготовитель совместимых ЭВМ

essential oil manufacturer — изготовитель эфирных масел

fragrance manufacturer — изготовитель душистых веществ

detergent manufacturer — изготовитель моющих средств

relieve the manufacturer — освободить производителя

3. n предприятие обрабатывающей промышленности

incomplete vehicle manufacturer — автосборочное предприятие

Синонимический ряд:

1. builder (noun) builder; constructor; erector; maker

2. inventor (noun) architect; author; creator; founder; generator; inventor; originator; producer

English-Russian base dictionary > manufacturer
5 knock

knock

A n

1 ( blow) coup m ; a knock on the head un coup sur la tête ; to take a knock prendre un coup ; a knock with a hammer un coup de marteau ; a knock at the door un coup à la porte ; I'll give you a knock at 7.30 je frapperai à ta porte à 7 h 30 ; I thought I heard a knock je crois qu'on a frappé ;

2 onomat knock! knock! toc! toc! ;

3 fig ( setback) coup m ; to take a knock en prendre un coup ; it gave his confidence a knock son assurance en a pris un coup ; I've had worse knocks j'ai subi pire que ça ; you must learn to take the knocks tu dois apprendre à encaisser ○ (les coups).

B vtr

1 ( strike) cogner [object] ; to knock one's head/arm on sth se cogner la tête/le bras contre qch ; to knock sb on the head/arm with sth donner un coup sur la tête/le bras de qn avec qch ; to knock sb/sth into/against/across projeter qn/qch dans/contre/à travers ; to knock sb unconscious ou senseless ou silly ○ [person, object, blow] assommer qn ; to knock a hole in sth faire un trou dans qch ; to knock sth straight/flat redresser/aplatir qch ; to knock two rooms into one abattre la cloison entre deux pièces ;

2 ( cause to move) to knock sth off ou out of sth faire tomber qch de qch ; to knock sb/sth over sth envoyer qn/qch par-dessus qch ; to knock sb/sth to the ground faire tomber qn/qch par terre ; she knocked the ball into the pond elle a envoyé la balle dans l'étang ; to knock a nail/peg into sth enfoncer un clou/une cheville dans qch ; to knock the handle off the jug casser l'anse du pot ; to knock sb off his feet [blast, wave] soulever qn ; to knock sb/sth out of the way écarter qn/qch ; to knock sb flat étendre qn par terre ;

3 ( beat) to knock the enthusiasm/spirit out of sb faire perdre son enthousiasme/sa joie de vivre à qn ; I'll knock that stupid smile off his face je vais lui faire passer ce sourire stupide ; that will knock a bit of sense into him ça va peut-être lui inculquer un peu de bon sens ;

4 ○ ( criticize) critiquer [method, opposition, achievement] ; dénigrer [person] ; don't knock it! hum arrête de critiquer!

C vi

1 ( make sound) ( involuntarily) [branch, object] cogner (on, against contre) ; ( deliberately) [person] frapper (at, on à) ; [engine, water pipes] cogner ;

2 ( collide) to knock into ou against sth heurter qch ; to knock into each other se heurter.

Idioms

his knees were knocking ses genoux tremblaient, tellement il avait peur ; to knock sth on the head ○ mettre fin à qch ; to be knocking on a bit ○ commencer à se faire vieux ; it must be knocking on ○ 30 years since… ça ne doit pas faire loin de 30 ans que… ; I'll knock your heads together! je vous ferai entendre raison!

Phrasal verbs

■ knock about ○, knock around ○:

▶ knock about traîner ;

▶ knock about [sth] [object] traîner dans [house, area] ; to knock about with sb ○ fréquenter qn ; to knock about together ○ [adults] se fréquenter ;

▶ knock [sb] about ○ malmener ;

▶ knock [sth] about

1 ( buffet) [storm] ballotter [boat] ;

2 Sport let's just knock the ball about faisons juste des balles.

■ knock back:

▶ knock back [sth], knock [sth] back

1 ( return) [player] renvoyer [ball] ;

2 ○ ( swallow) descendre ○ [drink] ;

3 ○ ( reject) rejeter [offer] ; refuser [invitation] ;

▶ knock [sb] back

1 ( surprise) [news] secouer [person] ;

2 ○ ( cost) that dress must have knocked her back a few quid ○ cette robe a dû lui coûter une fortune ;

3 ( refuse) jeter ○ [person].

■ knock down:

▶ knock [sb/sth] down, knock down [sb/sth]

1 ( cause to fall) ( deliberately) [aggressor] jeter [qn] à terre [victim, opponent] ; [police] défoncer [door] ; [builder] abattre [building] ; ( accidentally) [person, vehicle, animal] renverser [person, object] ; [lightning, wind] abattre [tree, fence] ; fig [person] abattre [obstacle, barrier] ;

2 ( reduce) [buyer] faire baisser [price] ; [seller] baisser [price] ; I managed to knock him down by a few pounds j'ai réussi à le faire baisser de plusieurs livres ;

3 ( allocate) [auctioneer] adjuger [lot].

■ knock in:

▶ knock [sth] in, knock in [sth] ( deliberately) [person] planter [nail, peg] ; [golfer] rentrer ○ [ball] ; ( accidentally) [blow] enfoncer [side, top].

■ knock into:

▶ knock into [sb/sth] heurter.

■ knock off:

▶ knock off ○ [worker] arrêter de travailler ;

▶ knock [sb/sth] off, knock off [sb/sth]

1 ( cause to fall) [person, blow, force] faire tomber [person, object] ; [movement, blow] désarçonner [rider] ; [person] écarter [insect] ; [wind, person] décapiter [flower heads] ; [person, blow] desceller [handle, end, car mirror] ;

2 ( reduce) I'll knock £10 off for you je vous ferai une réduction de 10 livres ; she wouldn't knock anything off elle ne voulait faire aucune réduction ; he knocked 20% off the bill il a déduit 20% de la note ;

3 ○ ( steal) subtiliser [car, object] ;

4 ○ ( stop) knock it off! ça suffit! ;

5 ◑ ( have sex with) culbuter ◑ [person].

■ knock out:

▶ knock [sb/sth] out, knock out [sb/sth]

1 ( dislodge) [person, blow] casser [tooth] ; [blast] souffler [window] ; [person, blow] arracher [peg, nail, support] ; [person] vider [contents] ;

2 ( make unconscious) [person, blow] assommer [person, animal] ; [drug] endormir [person, animal] ; [boxer] mettre [qn] au tapis [opponent] ; don't drink the punch, it will knock you out! ne bois pas le punch, ça va t'assommer! ; all that walking has knocked him out ○ ça l'a épuisé de marcher si longtemps ;

3 ( destroy) [enemy, shell] faire sauter [tank] ; [enemy, shell] mettre [qch] hors service [factory] ; [strike action, breakdown] paralyser [production, service] ;

4 Sport ( eliminate) [competitor] éliminer [opponent, team] ;

5 Aut ( straighten) [mechanic] redresser [dent, metal] ;

6 ○ ( produce) [machine] débiter [quantity] ; [person] jouer [tune] ;

7 ○ ( overwhelm) [performance, appearance, good news] émerveiller [person] ; [bad news] consterner ;

▶ knock oneself out

1 ( become unconscious) s'assommer ;

2 ○ ( become exhausted) s'éreinter ○.

■ knock over:

▶ knock [sb/sth] over, knock over [sb/sth] [person, animal, vehicle, force] renverser [person, animal, object].

■ knock through Constr you could knock through into the dining-room vous pourriez abattre le mur de la salle à manger.

■ knock together:

▶ knock together [knees, objects] s'entrechoquer ;

▶ knock [sth] together, knock together [sth] ○

1 ( create) bricoler [furniture, shelter] ; confectionner [meal] ; mettre [qch] sur pied [show, reception] ;

2 ( bang together) cogner l'un contre l'autre ; they need their heads knocking together fig ils auraient besoin d'une bonne leçon.

■ knock up:

▶ knock up ( in tennis) faire des balles (with avec) ;

▶ knock [sth] up, knock up [sth]

1 ○ ( make) bricoler [furniture, shelter] ; confectionner [meal, outfit] ;

2 ○ Sport [competitor, player] totaliser [points] ; réaliser [score] ;

▶ knock [sb] up, knock up [sb]

1 ( awaken) réveiller [person] ;

2 ○ ( exhaust) mettre [qn] à plat ○ ;

3 ◑ ( make pregnant) mettre [qn] en cloque ○.

Big English-French dictionary > knock
6 Siemens, Dr Ernst Werner von

SUBJECT AREA: Electricity, Land transport, Railways and locomotives

[br]

b. 13 December 1816 Lenthe, near Hanover, Germany

d. 6 December 1892 Berlin, Germany

[br]

German pioneer of the dynamo, builder of the first electric railway.

[br]

Werner von Siemens was the eldest of a large family and after the early death of his parents took his place at its head. He served in the Prussian artillery, being commissioned in 1839, after which he devoted himself to the study of chemistry and physics. In 1847 Siemens and J.G. Halske formed a company, Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens und Halske, to manufacture a dial telegraph which they had developed from an earlier instrument produced by Charles Wheatstone. In 1848 Siemens obtained his discharge from the army and he and Halske constructed the first long-distance telegraph line on the European continent, between Berlin and Frankfurt am Main.

Werner von Siemens's younger brother, William Siemens, had settled in Britain in 1844 and was appointed agent for the Siemens \& Halske company in 1851. Later, an English subsidiary company was formed, known from 1865 as Siemens Brothers. It specialized in manufacturing and laying submarine telegraph cables: the specialist cable-laying ship Faraday, launched for the purpose in 1874, was the prototype of later cable ships and in 1874–5 laid the first cable to run direct from the British Isles to the USA. In charge of Siemens Brothers was another brother, Carl, who had earlier established a telegraph network in Russia.

In 1866 Werner von Siemens demonstrated the principle of the dynamo in Germany, but it took until 1878 to develop dynamos and electric motors to the point at which they could be produced commercially. The following year, 1879, Werner von Siemens built the first electric railway, and operated it at the Berlin Trades Exhibition. It comprised an oval line, 300 m (985 it) long, with a track gauge of 1 m (3 ft 3 1/2 in.); upon this a small locomotive hauled three small passenger coaches. The locomotive drew current at 150 volts from a third rail between the running rails, through which it was returned. In four months, more than 80,000 passengers were carried. The railway was subsequently demonstrated in Brussels, and in London, in 1881. That same year Siemens built a permanent electric tramway, 1 1/2 miles (2 1/2 km) long, on the outskirts of Berlin. In 1882 in Berlin he tried out a railless electric vehicle which drew electricity from a two-wire overhead line: this was the ancestor of the trolleybus.

In the British Isles, an Act of Parliament was obtained in 1880 for the Giant's Causeway Railway in Ireland with powers to work it by "animal, mechanical or electrical power"; although Siemens Brothers were electrical engineers to the company, of which William Siemens was a director, delays in construction were to mean that the first railway in the British Isles to operate regular services by electricity was that of Magnus Volk.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Honorary doctorate, Berlin University 1860. Ennobled by Kaiser Friedrich III 1880, after which he became known as von Siemens.

Further Reading

S.von Weiher, 1972, "The Siemens brothers, pioneers of the electrical age in Europe", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 45 (describes the Siemens's careers). C.E.Lee, 1979, The birth of electric traction', Railway Magazine (May) (describes Werner Siemens's introduction of the electric railway).

Transactions of the Newcomen Society (1979) 50: 82–3 (describes Siemens's and Halske's early electric telegraph instruments).

Transactions of the Newcomen Society (1961) 33: 93 (describes the railless electric vehicle).

PJGR

Biographical history of technology > Siemens, Dr Ernst Werner von

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vehicle builder

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vehicle builder

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